Oestrogen (sometimes
called "estrogen") is a hormone secreted primarily by the ovaries (a
female-only endocrine gland in the human body).
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Oestrogen is one of a group of steroid hormones that
control female sexual development, both promoting the development
and function of the female sex organs, and female secondard sexual
characteristics - including breast development, for example.
Although oestrogens are synthesized mainly by the ovaries, some small
quantities of oestrogen are also produced by the adrenal
cortex,
the testes,
and the placenta.
(Oestrogen is present in males but excessive production of oestrogen in men can
lead to feminization.)
The actions of the hormone oestrogen include:
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Control of female sexual development;
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Promotion of
the growth of female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty;
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Stimulation of
egg (ovum) production;
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Preparation of the lining of the uterus for pregnancy;
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In conjunction with progesterone,
regulation of the growth and functioning of sex organs for sexual
reproduction;
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Oestrogens
are used in female oral contraceptives, to inhibit the production
of ova.
Note that pharmaceutical products vary widely and should only be
used as directed by qualified professionals.
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For further general/summary information including the locations of the
endocrine glands, visit the page about Endocrine
Glands of the Human Body.
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