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| Category
(1): Carbohydrates
Include at least one of the following: |
| * |
Glucose (macromolecule) |
- stores energy |
| * |
Glycogen (macromolecule) |
- stores energy |
| * |
Ribose (macromolecule) |
- needed for expression of hereditary
information |
| Category
(2): Lipids
Include at least one of the following: |
| * |
Triglycerides
(type of macromolecule) |
- store energy |
| * |
Phospholipids
(type of macromolecule) |
- form cell membranes |
| * |
Steroids
(type of macromolecule) |
- form cell membranes &
synthesise hormones |
| * |
Prostaglandins
(type of macromolecule) |
- regulate the action of hormones
(OR - help the immune system)
(OR - affect inflammatory responses) |
| Category
(3): Nucleic Acids
Include at least one of the following: |
| * |
Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA
(macromolecule) |
- stores encoded hereditary
data/information |
| * |
Ribonucleic acid, RNA
(type of macromolecule) |
- carries genetic data/information
(OR - catalyses certain biochemical reactions)
(OR - acts as an adapter molecule in protein
synthesis)
(OR - acts as a structural molecule in cellular
organelles)
|
| * |
Messenger RNA, mRNA
(macromolecule) |
- transfers genetic info from
DNA to ribosomes
|
| * |
Transfer RNA, tRNA
(macromolecule) |
- translates genetic info from
DNA to specific amino acids,
(a specific tRNA for each amino acid)
|
| * |
Small Nuclear RNA, snRNA
(macromolecule) |
- regulates & catalyses
reactions involving mRNA
|
| * |
Guide RNA, gRNA
(macromolecule) |
- directs editing of RNA to
specific locations
|
|
Other Examples
of macromolecules or types of macromolecules
The following, or other correct
examples, may be used to bring your list
up to the total 10 (ten) items: |
|
* |
Functional Proteins
(type of macromolecule) |
- regulation of
chemical reactions |
| * |
Structural Proteins
(type of macromolecule) |
- mechanical support
within tissues of the body |
| * |
Adenosine triphosphate, ATP
(macromolecule) |
- transfer of energy
from "storage" cells to working
tissues e.g. in muscles |
| * |
Creatine phosphate, CP
(macromolecule) |
- transfer of energy
from "fuel" or "storage"
cells to ATP. |
| * |
Nicotinic adenine dinucleotide,
NAD, (macromolecule) |
- transfer of high-energy
particles between chemical processes. |
| * |
Glycoproteins
(type of macromolecule) |
- regulate chemical
reactions |
| * |
Proteoglycans
(type of macromolecule) |
- lubrication; increase
thickness of fluids |
| * |
Lipoproteins
(type of macromolecule) |
- transport lipids
in the blood |
| * |
Glycolipids
(type of macromolecule) |
- form part of cell
membranes |
Notes about this question:
- Be sure to include at least one example
from each of the categories indicated
in the question.
- The question only asks you to list
macromolecules (or types of macromolecules)
so there is no need to define, describe
or draw the molecules e.g. in terms of
their structures or the chemical groups
or elements they include.
- The question asks for one example
of a function of each. It doesn't matter
which correct example you give.
There is no point in spending time in
a test or exam giving more information
than is asked for in the question if further
marks are not available for that extra
information; just answer the question
exactly as asked.
- When you have a choice between giving
specific examples, e.g. of specific
macromolecules, or of giving more
general examples, e.g. of types of
macromolecules, it is often easier
(and so safer !) to give general examples.
This is because when you give specific
examples you need to be certain that the
details you include relate to that specific
case, e.g. if you name a specific macromolecule
you must give an example of a function
of that particular macromolecule.
That is fine when you know the example
you have chosen well enough to be certain,
otherwise don't guess but mention more
general examples so far as possible.
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